Approximately one in 10 Americans aged 60plus have experienced some form of elder abuse. In 2024, there were 36,415 reports concerning the abuse, neglect, or exploitation of adults aged 60 and older in Virginia. Many cases go unreported. As our population ages and becomes more socially isolated, the incidence of elder abuse is expected to rise.
In order to reverse this alarming trend, it’s important to understand the different types of abuse, how to recognize them, and what to do if abuse is suspected.
What is the difference between adult abuse, neglect and exploitation?
Abuse includes physical, mental, or sexual maltreatment. Neglect is when a caregiver fails to provide adequate assistance that the adult depends on — such as food, clothing, shelter, or necessary medical care. Self-neglect is when an adult is unable to meet their own essential physical, psychological, or social needs, which threatens their health, safety, and well-being. Exploitation is when someone takes advantage of the adult or their finances for personal benefit or financial gain.
What are the warning signs of adult abuse?
One way to remember them is by using the acronym SPEAK UP: Sudden changes in behavior or finances. Physical injuries, dehydration, or malnourishment.
Extreme withdraw from others, anxiety, or depression. Absence of basic care or necessities. Kept away from others. Unsanitary living conditions. Personal items missing.
How do you report adult abuse?
Most Americans are familiar with child abuse and know that Child Protective Services through their local Department of Social Services (DSS) is the agency to contact when such abuse is suspected. However, not everyone is aware that DSS also investigates reports of adult abuse through their Adult Protective Services (APS) unit. In addition to contacting the local DSS, in Virginia, adult abuse can also be reported anonymously by calling the DSS abuse hotline at 1-888-832-3858.
Additionally, the Department of Aging and Rehabilitative Services launched an online portal last November that allows people to report abuse, neglect, or financial exploitation of loved ones or neighbors 24 hours a day, seven days a week (www.dars.virginia.gov/aps/APSreport.htm).
It is important to remember that proof of abuse, neglect or financial exploitation is not required. It is up to the professionals to investigate your suspicions. Even if it is determined that no crime has been committed, counseling or other services may be suggested.
Valley Program for Aging (VPAS), the local area agency on aging, provides adults 60 and over – and their caregivers - with the opportunities and resources they need to lead engaged lives. Reaching out for support cannot only help prevent abuse from occurring but can also help older adults thrive. Visit vpas.info to learn more or call Laynee Knick, VPAS program operations manager in Buena Vista, Lexington and Rockbridge, at (540) 261-7474.
